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The Exponential Moving Average (EMA) is a type of weighted moving average that gives more significance to the most recent prices, making it more responsive to new information. Unlike simple moving averages (SMAs), EMAs are designed to react more quickly to pri...

Risk Risk refers to the uncertainty associated with the potential for loss or the lack of capital appreciation. It is important to distinguish between risk and uncertainty: Risk: A condition where a decision-maker has knowledge of the possible outcomes of h...

Total risk associated with an investment refers to the complete spectrum of variability or volatility in the returns that the investment might generate. It encompasses all the different types of risks that can impact the investment's performance. Variance: T...

Systematic risk refers to the part of the total variability in return on investments that is due to factors affecting the entire market or economy. This type of risk is inherent to all securities in the market and cannot be diversified away. Characteristics of...

Risk is quantified by the variability of returns, through assigning probabilities and calculating the expected values of returns. The standard deviation, which represents the spread of a set of numbers, is calculated as the square root of the average of the sq...

Interactive Risk through Covariance When two securities are held in a portfolio, the risk involved is measured by the Covariance, also known as Interactive risk. Covariance between securities Covariance measures how two securities move in relation to each othe...

Valuation is the process of determining the current worth of an asset or a company. It is a key concept in finance that helps investors, business owners, and financial professionals make informed decisions about buying, selling, or holding various types of inv...

Value is a fundamental concept in finance, economics, and accounting that refers to the worth of an asset. It is often determined by what a willing and able buyer would pay to a willing and able seller. Below, we explore the various types of value and outline ...

The value of shares in the stock market is influenced by a variety of factors ranging from macroeconomic conditions to company-specific variables. Understanding these factors can help investors make informed decisions. Here are some key elements that impact sh...

The intrinsic value of equity stock is a critical concept in finance, used to determine what a stock is truly worth based on its expected future cash flows. This value is calculated using various models, of which the Dividend Discount Model and the Earnings Ca...

The Relative Valuation Approach is a method used to determine the value of an asset by comparing it with the prices of similar assets. Unlike intrinsic valuation, which focuses on the fundamental worth of an asset based on its future cash flows, relative valua...

Introduction Stock prices are influenced by a variety of factors which can be categorized into: Fundamental Factors: These include the economic, financial, and other tangible aspects influencing a company's actual business performance. Technical Factors: Th...

Behavioral finance is a field of study that combines psychological theories with conventional economics to provide explanations for why people make irrational financial decisions. It explores how cognitive biases, emotions, and other psychological factors affe...

Discounted cash flow method: - Dividend capitalization model - Earnings capitalization model Relative Valuation Approach Multiplier method Dividend Capitalization Model Basic Model: The value of an equity share is the present value of its future stre...

In a thriving economy, the growth and sustenance of businesses, especially small and medium enterprises (SMEs), are crucial. Central-level institutions play a pivotal role in fostering an environment conducive to business development and entrepreneurship. Thes...

These institutions collectively provide crucial support to business enterprises across India, helping to enhance competitiveness and sustainability in the global market. From financial assistance to technical consultancy and export promotion, each institution ...

Your browser does not support the audio element. Definition Social entrepreneurship represents a unique blend of traditional business acumen and a deep commitment to addressing persistent social issues. Social entrepreneurs are individuals or groups who...

Your browser does not support the audio element. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) represent a global agenda adopted by all United Nations Member States in 2015, part of a broader 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. These goals are designed ...

Your browser does not support the audio element. Entrepreneurship has both social and environmental impacts that can shape market dynamics, consumer behavior, and business operations. Below, we delve into these dimensions with detailed explanations and ...

Your browser does not support the audio element. Social enterprises blend the efficiency and innovation of business practices with the heart of social missions. Their primary purpose is not just to generate profit, but to address and resolve prevalent s...