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Trait Theory of Leadership Overview The Trait Theory of Leadership suggests that leaders are born with certain distinct characteristics, meaning that effective leadership traits are inheritable or inherent within specific individuals. According to this theory...

Behavioral Theories - Ohio State Leadership Studies Overview Behavioral theories of leadership suggest that leadership skills and behaviors can be learned and trained, rather than being innate qualities or traits. In 1945, researchers at Ohio State University...

Situational Leadership Theory Overview Situational Leadership Theory, now referred to as the Situational Leadership Model, was developed by Dr. Paul Hersey and Dr. Ken Blanchard. This model emphasizes that effective leaders do not rely on one particular leade...

Contemporary Perspectives on Leadership Overview Contemporary perspectives on leadership focus on understanding how leadership has evolved in response to changes in organizational dynamics, technology, and societal expectations. Modern theories and models emph...

Overview Transformational leaders are those who inspire their followers to transcend their own self-interests for the greater good of the organization. These leaders have the unique ability to motivate and energize their followers, resulting in extraordinary e...

Transactional Leadership Overview James Burns identified two main types of leadership: transactional and transformational. Transactional leadership is a style that focuses on the exchange between leaders and their subordinates. In this model, leaders use rewar...

Charismatic Leadership Charismatic Leadership Overview The concept of charismatic leadership was first explored in organizational behavior (OB) by researcher Robert House. Charismatic leaders are dynamic, confident, and influential individuals who inspire the...

Overview Servant leadership is a leadership philosophy where the primary goal of the leader is to serve others. This concept was first introduced by Robert K. Greenleaf, who emphasized that a servant leader should focus on the growth and well-being of their f...

Shared Leadership Overview Shared leadership is a leadership style that distributes leadership responsibilities across multiple individuals within a team or organization. Rather than relying on a single leader, shared leadership allows team members to take on...

Organizational Behavior (OB) Organizational Behavior (OB) is a field of study that explores how individuals, groups, and structures influence behavior within organizations. The goal is to use this understanding to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of or...

Disciplines That Contribute to the Field of Organizational Behavior (OB) Organizational Behavior (OB) is an interdisciplinary field that draws upon various behavioral science disciplines to understand, predict, and improve behavior within organizations. The ma...

Models of Organizational Behavior (OB) Organizational Behavior (OB) can be understood through a model that outlines how different factors contribute to behavior in organizations. The model consists of three key elements: Inputs, Processes, and Outcomes. Each ...

Challenges and Opportunities in Organizational Behavior (OB) Organizational Behavior (OB) faces several challenges and offers opportunities for improvement in the modern workplace. These challenges and opportunities are shaped by economic, cultural, and global...

Ethical Behavior at the Workplace Ethical behavior in the workplace refers to the practice of applying moral principles to guide individual and group behavior within an organization. It involves employees and leaders making decisions that are not only legally ...

Personality refers to the stable and enduring patterns of thoughts, emotions, and behaviors that characterize an individual over time and across different situations. It is what makes each person unique, influencing how they perceive the world, respond to othe...

The Big Five Personality Model is a widely accepted framework that identifies five fundamental dimensions of human personality. These dimensions capture the broadest and most significant variations in personality traits across individuals. The acronym CANOE i...

Learning can be understood as a relatively permanent change in an individual's potential behavior that arises from experiences or practice. This change may not immediately manifest as a visible behavior but instead reflects a readiness or capability to exhibi...

Classical conditioning is a simple form of learning in which a conditioned response becomes associated with an unconditioned stimulus. Ivan Pavlov developed this theory through his experiments, most famously involving teaching a dog to salivate in response to ...

Operant Conditioning refers to the process of learning through the consequences of voluntary, or learned, behavior. This form of learning was proposed by B.F. Skinner and is also known as instrumental conditioning. In operant conditioning, behaviors are modifi...

Cognitive learning theory, as proposed by Edward Tolman and Wolfgang Köhler, emphasizes that learning is not merely a result of mechanical responses to stimuli (as in conditioning theories), but rather an outcome of deliberate thinking. In cognitive learning,...