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Introduction
Production is the core process of transforming raw materials and other inputs into finished goods. It involves a series of steps, including: Sourcing: Obtaining the necessary raw materials and components. Processing: Transforming the raw materials into fini...
Historical Development
1. The Industrial Revolution (1760s-1840s): Cottage System: Prior to the Industrial Revolution, production was primarily decentralized and carried out in homes by craftsmen and their apprentices (cottage system). Introduction of Machines and Factories: The...
Concept of Production and Production System
Concept of Production What is Production? Production is the process of transforming inputs into outputs. It's broader than just manufacturing, which focuses on tangible goods. Production encompasses both tangible goods (like cars) and intangible services (like...
Classification of Production System
Classification of Production 1. Intermittent Production Systems Characteristics: Produce goods in batches or runs, with periods of production followed by periods of no production. Low to medium production volume. High product variety. Flexible to accommoda...
Production Management and its Objectives
Production Management What is Production Management? Production management applies management principles (planning, organizing, directing, and controlling) to the production function. It aims to efficiently and effectively utilize resources to create goods and...
Distinction between Manufacturing Operations and Service Operations
Manufacturing Operations vs. Service Operations Feature Manufacturing Operations Service Operations Tangibility of Output Produce tangible goods (physical products). Produce intangible services (experiences). Inventory Produce for stock or based on fo...
Operations Management and its Objectives
Operations management objectives can be categorized into two primary areas: customer service and resource utilization. Customer Service The first objective of an operating system is customer service, which aims to satisfy customer needs and expectations. Ensur...
Managing Global Operations
Managing Global Operations: Challenges and Opportunities Managing global operations presents unique challenges and opportunities for businesses in today's interconnected world. Here's a breakdown of some key aspects: Challenges: Global Competition: Increased...
Scope of Production and Operations Management
Production and operations management encompasses a wide range of activities crucial for efficiently and effectively producing goods or services. Here's a breakdown of the key areas: 1. Location of Facilities Management: Strategic Decision: Selecting the rig...
Introduction
Facility location, also known as plant location, is a crucial strategic decision for any organization. It involves selecting the most suitable geographic site for operational facilities like factories, warehouses, or service centers. This decision has long-ter...
Need for selecting a suitable location
Why is Location Selection Necessary? The need for selecting a suitable location arises in a variety of situations, each with its own set of challenges and considerations. These situations can be broadly categorized into three main scenarios: I. Starting a New ...
Factors influencing Plant Location
Costs: Tangible and Intangible Cost is a primary driver in location decisions, but costs are not always easy to quantify. They are generally divided into two categories: Tangible Costs Definition: Tangible costs are those that can be readily identified and m...
Cost Volume/ Break Even Analysis
Location Decision Analysis: Cost-Volume & Break-Even Analysis Locational Cost-Volume Analysis Concept: A technique for comparing location alternatives based on their costs. It helps determine which location offers the lowest cost for a given production volume....
Factor Rating Method
Concept The Factor Rating Method is a structured approach to location selection. It allows for the inclusion of both qualitative and quantitative factors, assigning weights to reflect their relative importance. This method promotes a more objective decision-ma...
Centre of Gravity Method
Concept The Center of Gravity method is a mathematical technique used to determine the optimal location for a distribution center, warehouse, or facility that minimizes transportation costs. It considers the locations of markets, the volume of goods shipped, a...
Weber’s theory of location
Core Idea Alfred Weber's theory, developed in 1909, states that industries locate where production costs are minimized. He emphasized transport costs and agglomeration forces as the main factors influencing location. Key Concepts Transport Costs: Depend on ...
General locational factors and Specific locational factors for manufacturing organization and for Service organization.
Location decisions are complex, influenced by various factors. These can be broadly classified into: General factors and Specific factors for both manufacturing and service organizations. General Locational Factors These factors apply broadly to all types of ...
Objectives and Principles of Plant Layout
Objectives of Layout Strategy The primary goal of a layout strategy is to develop an effective and efficient layout that fulfills the firm's competitive requirements. This includes: Maximize Resources: Higher utilization of space, equipment, and people. Op...
Types of Plant layout
1. Office Layout Purpose: Comfort, safety, and information flow for workers. Focus: Information movement, utilizing a task-based approach. 2. Retail Layout Purpose: Maximize sales per square foot via product exposure. Key: Store arrangement and space ...
Introduction and Scope of Materials Management
Materials management is a unified approach to handling materials in industry, aiming for cost reduction and efficiency. It covers all stages and departments. Core Goals: Minimize costs related to materials. Ensure efficient movement and handling. Guarantee ti...