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Unit 01 Matrices and Determinants
Matrices and Determinants Introduction
A matrix is a rectangular arrangement of numbers, symbols, or expressions, arranged in rows and c...
Addition of Matrices
Definition The addition of matrices is the operation of adding two matrices by adding their corre...
Multiplication of Matrices by a Scalar
Definition The multiplication of a matrix by a scalar is an operation where every element of the ...
Special Types of Matrices
Definition An identity matrix is a special type of square matrix in which all the elements of the...
Multiplication of Two Matrices
Definition The multiplication of two matrices involves taking the rows of the first matrix and th...
Properties of Matrix Multiplication
Matrix multiplication has several important properties that make it useful in various mathematica...
Determinants and Properties
Definition The determinant is a scalar value that can be computed from the elements of a square m...
Minors and Cofactors
Definition Minor The minor of an element in a matrix is the determinant of the smaller matrix tha...
Inverse of a Matrix
Definition The inverse of a matrix is a matrix that, when multiplied by the original matrix, resu...
Unit 06 Differentiation and Applications
Introduction to Differentiation
In business studies, differentiation is a useful mathematical concept that helps in understanding...
Differentiation Rules
In BBA (Business Administration) mathematics, differentiation refers to finding the derivative of...
Methods of Differentiation
Differentiation in BBA mathematics involves finding the derivative of a function, which represent...
Differentiation of Composite Functions
Differentiation of composite functions is achieved using the Chain Rule, which allows you to diff...
Differentiation of Parametric Functions
Differentiation of parametric functions involves finding the derivative of a function that is def...
Second Order Derivatives
Second-order derivatives provide information about the curvature or concavity of a function, indi...
Maxima and Minima
Maxima and minima are critical points in the study of differentiation, where a function reaches i...
Applications to Commerce and Economics
Differentiation has significant applications in commerce and economics, where it is used to analy...
Unit 04 Transportation Problem
Introduction to Transportation Problem
The transportation problem is a type of optimization problem in operations research where the obj...
Methods for Initial Solution
The transportation problem aims to minimize the cost of transporting goods from suppliers (source...
NW Corner Rule
The North-West Corner Rule is a method used to find an initial feasible solution for transportati...
Least Cost Method
The Least Cost Method (LCM) is a technique used to find an initial feasible solution for transpor...
Vogel Approximation Method
Vogel's Approximation Method (VAM) is a heuristic used to find an initial feasible solution for t...
Unbalanced Transportation Problem
An unbalanced transportation problem occurs when the total supply is not equal to the total deman...
Test for Optimality MODI Method
The MODI (Modified Distribution) Method, also known as the UV method, is used to check the optima...
Unit 05 Assignment Problem
Introduction to Assignment Problem
The Assignment Problem is a key concept in operations research and management science that involv...
Hungarian Method
The Hungarian Method is an efficient algorithm used to solve the assignment problem, where the go...
Restricted Assignment Problems
A Restricted Assignment Problem is a variation of the classic assignment problem in which certain...
Unit 03 Linear Programming
Introduction to Linear Programming
What is Linear Programming? Linear Programming (LP) is a mathematical technique used to achieve t...
Formulation of LPP
What is Problem Formulation in Linear Programming? Linear Programming Problem Formulation refers ...
Graphical Method
The Graphical Method is a visual approach to solving linear programming problems involving two de...
Simplex Method
Introduction to the Simplex Method The Simplex Method is one of the most widely used algorithms f...
Minimization and Maximization Problems
Linear Programming (LP) is a mathematical technique used to optimize a linear objective function,...
Unit 1
Unit 07 Commercial Arithmetic
Simple Interest
Introduction Simple interest is a basic concept in commercial arithmetic used to calculate the in...
Compound Interest
Introduction Compound interest is a method of calculating interest where the interest earned over...
Equivalent Rate
Introduction The equivalent rate is a concept in commercial arithmetic used to compare different ...
Effective Rate
Introduction The effective interest rate, also known as the annual equivalent rate (AER) or effec...
Depreciation
Introduction Depreciation refers to the gradual decrease in the value of an asset over time due t...
Accumulated Value
Introduction Depreciation refers to the gradual decrease in the value of an asset over time due t...
Present Value
Introduction The present value (PV) is the current worth of a sum of money to be received or paid...
Annuities Types
Introduction An annuity is a series of equal payments made at regular intervals over a specified ...
Sinking Fund
Introduction A sinking fund is a fund established for the purpose of accumulating money over time...
Unit 02 Applications of Matrices and Determinants
Matrix Representation of Data
Matrices are a fundamental tool in representing data in a structured and concise form. They allow...
Applications of Matrices
Matrices are widely used in various applications due to their ability to simplify and organize co...
Solving System of Linear Equations
A system of linear equations consists of multiple linear equations with the same set of variables...
Matrix Inverse Method
The matrix inverse method is a powerful approach for solving a system of linear equations using m...
Cramers Rule
Cramer's Rule is a method for solving systems of linear equations using determinants. It app...